{"id":16434,"date":"2023-10-04T11:41:02","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T09:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lastplaces.wwwarcelona.net\/?post_type=viajar_conocimiento&p=16434"},"modified":"2023-10-04T13:23:17","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T11:23:17","slug":"igbo-people-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"viajar_conocimiento","link":"https:\/\/lastplaces.wwwarcelona.net\/en\/travel-is-knowledge\/igbo-people-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"The Igbo people of Nigeria, founders of Biafra"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Igbo people are an ethnic group native to the central and southeastern Nigeria. Geographically, the Igbo homeland is divided into two unequal sections by the Niger River. The Igbo people are one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa.<\/p>\n

\"Last<\/p>\n

Location of the Igbo people in the territory of Nigeria<\/p>\n

Igbo economy<\/h2>\n

Subsistence farming<\/strong> of yams, cassava, and taro is the main sustenance among traditional Igbo people. Trading<\/strong> is a major social and economic function of women in traditional Igbo society. Also, they make mats and pottery and weave cloth.<\/p>\n

\"Igbo
Igbo tribe woman cooking during trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sociopolitical Organization of Igbo people<\/h2>\n

Traditional Igbo social life is based on membership<\/strong> in kinship and associations groups<\/strong> by age grades, sex and prestige-title societies. Two types of political systems<\/strong> have been distinguished among the Igbo: the democratic republic and the constitutional monarchy. Most of the villages or towns that have the latter type of political system have two ruling monarchs\u2014one female called ‘ omu’ and one male called ‘obi’.<\/p>\n

\"meeting<\/p>\n

Meeting with a group of Igbo elders during a trip to Nigeria<\/p>\n

Do you want to know the Igbo people of Nigeria?<\/a><\/h2>\n

Join the anthropologist Joan Riera<\/strong> on his next trip to Nigeria<\/strong><\/a> on 29 of Nov. to 8 of Dec. 2024 to meet the Igbo people. Click here for more details about the trip to Nigeria.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\"attending
Masquerade of the Igbo people during an ethnographic trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Igbo culture<\/h2>\n

Igbo art<\/h3>\n

Bronze castings found in the town of Igbo Ukwu from the 9th century, constitute the earliest sculptures discovered in Igboland. The majority of the Igbo carve and use masks<\/strong>, although the function of masks vary from community to community. Pointed noses, slanted eyes and thin lips characterize the style of Igbo masks.<\/span><\/span><\/span> The Igbo blacksmiths<\/strong> of Awka are renowned for their ironsmithing. Also, wood carving, pottery<\/strong> and patterned woven cloth<\/strong> are of very high quality.<\/p>\n

\"Igbo
Igbo tribe woman applying uli painting during trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Uli painting<\/h3>\n

Uli is a form of body and mural art<\/strong> that is largely practiced by Igbo women in South-Eastern Nigeria. Its name comes from the trees whose fruit or pod is used to extract the painting medium. Uli has a dynamism and beauty with deep connections to womanhood, spirit, community and nature. The images are abstract, geometric and pictorial. There are thousands of motifs and symbols many inspired by natural forms. The medium is used to beautify, as well as transfer stories.<\/p>\n

Iru Mgbede<\/strong> is a rite of passage<\/strong> celebrating womanhood. The young woman is sequestered away for 6 months during which time she is pampered and fed the choicest foods. Also, she learns dances, decorates the walls of her quarters, and cares for skin and body. As part of the celebration her body is decorated with Uli.<\/p>\n

\"visit
Visit to an Igbo temple during a trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Although many Igbo people are now Christians, traditional Igbo religious practices<\/strong> still abound. The traditional Igbo religion includes an uncontested general reverence for Ala or Ana (the earth goddess) and beliefs and rituals related to numerous other deities, spirits, and ancestors, who protect their living descendants. Revelation of the will of certain deities is sought through oracles and divination. Additionally, the igbo build shrines and temples of worship.<\/p>\n

\"admiring
Igbo sculpture from a temple during a trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Throughout the 20th century, the Igbo people kept shrines<\/strong> with large wooden figures representing village deities, who offered protection and prosperity to the community. The figures have elaborate hairdos, scarification and wear carved ornaments on their arms and legs \u2014all marks of beauty and high rank in traditional Igbo society. The figures were brought out during annual ceremonies, repainted, and given libations.<\/p>\n

Ichi scarification<\/h3>\n

Scarifications known as Ichi<\/strong> refer to a facial scarification<\/strong> ritual practiced mainly on noble men in the Awka-Nri region of Nigeria. Ichi marks denote that the Igbo man has passed through the first stage of initiation into the Nze na Ozo society, the most important spiritual, religious and social association in Igbo society. The title affords these individuals prestige, power, and influence in the community. Wearers of ichi are authorized to perform various rituals and to designate titles amongst village members.<\/p>\n

\"meeting
Visit to an Igbo community during a trip to Nigeria<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Challenges of Igbo people<\/h2>\n

Igbo society suffered greatly from slave raids in the 17th Century, later came British colonisation, and from 1967 to 1970 the Biafra War when Igbos tried to have their own country and rule themselves. Their culture has been greatly transformed due to social, economic changes and war. Nowadays, there are projects of cultural revitalization, such as the restoration of traditional homes, shrines and the coming back of Uli body paint and masquerades. Accordingly,\u00a0Last Places is strongly supporting these processes of cultural revival and preservation of tribal heritage through cultural tourism in the region.<\/strong><\/p>\n

You can learn more about the Igbo people of Nigeria<\/a> at www.101lasttribes.com<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a9 Photographs by Jordi Zaragoz\u00e0 Angl\u00e8s<\/a> taken during a trip to Nigeria.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":16413,"template":"","etiquetas_viajar_conocimiento":[],"categorias_viajar_conocimiento":[306,304],"autores_viajar_conocimiento":[199],"class_list":["post-16434","viajar_conocimiento","type-viajar_conocimiento","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","categorias_viajar_conocimiento-africa-en","categorias_viajar_conocimiento-nigeria-en","autores_viajar_conocimiento-joan-riera-travel-guide"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Igbo people of Nigeria \u25ba The founders of Biafra<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Igbo people are native to the central and southeastern Nigeria and one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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